Which structure allows developers to prevent program crashes when exceptions occur?

The try-catch structure is designed specifically to manage exceptions in programming, making it essential for preventing program crashes when unexpected events occur during execution. When a block of code is wrapped in a try statement, the program attempts to execute that code. If an exception is thrown—meaning an error or unexpected condition occurs—the control is transferred to the corresponding catch block. This block can then handle the error gracefully, allowing the program to continue running or to perform necessary cleanup operations instead of terminating unexpectedly.

This structured approach ensures that developers can write robust code that anticipates potential issues and manages them in a controlled manner. For example, in scenarios involving file I/O, network connectivity, or parsing data, where failures are common, using try-catch allows the program to respond appropriately, like logging an error message or retrying an operation.

In contrast, other structures like if-else statements, loop structures, and conditional structures do not specifically address error handling related to exceptions. They are useful for controlling the flow of the program based on certain conditions but do not provide the same level of safety and management for runtime errors.